Bulgaria is an underrated gem in Europe, offering a mix of rich history, breathtaking landscapes, and vibrant cultural experiences. Whether you’re drawn to the golden beaches of the Black Sea, the rugged beauty of the Rhodope Mountains, or the medieval charm of its towns, this destination has something for every traveler. From ancient Thracian ruins to modern city life, Bulgaria seamlessly blends tradition and adventure. With hidden treasures waiting to be explored, this year’s must-visit spots promise unforgettable experiences. If you’re planning a trip, knowing the best things to do will ensure you make the most of your Bulgarian getaway.
Hike to the Seven Rila Lakes for Unreal Alpine Views
A journey through Bulgaria’s Rila Mountains leads to one of the most breathtaking alpine landscapes in Europe. The Seven Rila Lakes, each uniquely shaped and named based on their characteristics, sit at altitudes between 2,100 and 2,500 meters. The hike begins at the lift station near Panichishte, gradually ascending through scenic trails with panoramic views of glacial waters reflecting the sky. Summer offers lush greenery, while autumn bathes the area in golden hues. The higher you climb, the more surreal the scenery becomes, culminating at Lake “The Tear,” which boasts crystal-clear waters. Expect unpredictable weather and dress accordingly. For an easier ascent, take the chairlift before embarking on the final stretch. This hike is a must for nature lovers, offering a blend of adventure and tranquility in Bulgaria’s most stunning high-altitude terrain. Arrive early to avoid crowds and experience the lakes at their most serene.
Explore the Mysterious Rock-Hewn Churches of Ivanovo
Hidden within the cliffs of the Rusenski Lom Nature Park, the Ivanovo Rock-Hewn Churches offer a glimpse into Bulgaria’s medieval past. Carved directly into the limestone rocks, these UNESCO-listed churches date back to the 13th and 14th centuries, once serving as monastic retreats for Hesychast monks. The frescoes, remarkably well-preserved, depict intricate biblical scenes with vivid colors, showcasing the artistic mastery of the Tarnovo School of Painting. Unlike traditional churches, these sanctuaries blend seamlessly into the rugged landscape, making them feel almost otherworldly. A short but steep climb leads to the best-preserved chambers, where visitors can admire religious artistry frozen in time. With sweeping views of the valley below, the site exudes an air of mystery and historical significance. For those interested in Bulgaria’s Orthodox heritage, this complex offers an unparalleled experience, merging spirituality, history, and breathtaking natural surroundings.
Walk the Echo Bridge in the Stunning Devetashka Cave
Bulgaria’s Devetashka Cave is a marvel of nature, known for its massive chambers and skylight openings that bathe the cavern in ethereal light. Located near Lovech, this prehistoric cave stretches over two kilometers, with vast domed ceilings reaching 60 meters high. A wooden bridge, aptly named the Echo Bridge, crosses a small river at the entrance, offering a dramatic perspective of the cave’s grandeur. The acoustics here are surreal, amplifying every sound against the stone walls. Devetashka Cave has been home to humans since the Neolithic era and later served as a military storage site. Today, it’s a protected habitat for bats and rare bird species. Spring and autumn are ideal for visiting, as the cave remains cool even in summer. Photography enthusiasts will find endless inspiration, while nature lovers can explore nearby waterfalls and trails, making it a top destination for adventure seekers.
Relax in the Natural Hot Springs of Sapareva Banya
Steam rises from the heart of Sapareva Banya, home to one of Europe’s hottest mineral springs. Nestled at the foot of the Rila Mountains, this small town is famous for its 103°C geyser, which erupts every few seconds. The mineral-rich waters have been prized for their therapeutic benefits since ancient times, offering relief for joint pain, respiratory conditions, and stress. Visitors can soak in modern spa complexes or opt for natural hot pools scattered around the area. The open-air mineral baths provide a tranquil escape, especially in winter when warm steam contrasts with the crisp mountain air. Beyond relaxation, Sapareva Banya serves as a gateway to Rila National Park, making it an ideal stop for hikers and nature lovers. Whether you seek wellness treatments or a soothing soak after outdoor adventures, this thermal haven offers a rejuvenating experience in Bulgaria’s scenic countryside.
Visit the UFO-Shaped Buzludzha Monument Before It’s Gone
Perched atop Buzludzha Peak, the abandoned Buzludzha Monument looms like a relic from another world. Built in 1981 as a Communist Party headquarters, its UFO-like structure once symbolized Bulgaria’s socialist ambitions. After the regime’s fall, the building was abandoned, leaving behind eerie Soviet-era murals, grandiose halls, and a decaying yet fascinating interior. Time and vandalism have taken their toll, with parts of the structure crumbling, making preservation efforts uncertain. Despite restricted access to the inside, the site remains a striking landmark, attracting photographers and history enthusiasts alike. The panoramic views from the summit alone are worth the trip, offering sweeping vistas of the Balkan Mountains. Reaching the monument requires a drive up winding mountain roads, best attempted in clear weather. As discussions about restoration or demolition continue, visiting this once-majestic structure now feels like stepping into history before it fades away forever.
Sail Through the Enchanting Rocks of Belogradchik
Towering sandstone formations rise dramatically from the rugged landscape near Bulgaria’s western border, creating an almost mythical setting. The Belogradchik Rocks, shaped by millions of years of erosion, stretch across 30 kilometers, with formations resembling animals, humans, and mythical creatures. Exploring the area by boat on the nearby Rabisha Lake offers a surreal perspective, as the reddish cliffs reflect on the water’s surface. Many visitors combine this trip with a tour of Belogradchik Fortress, a centuries-old stronghold built into the rock formations. Sunset paints the stones in deep orange hues, making it the ideal time for photography. Legends surround these formations, with tales of monks, love-struck maidens, and petrified soldiers adding to their mystique. This natural wonder remains one of Bulgaria’s most unique landscapes, perfect for adventurers, photographers, and history enthusiasts alike. Booking a guided tour ensures the best routes and hidden viewpoints.
Discover Bulgaria’s “Stone Desert” at Pobiti Kamani
Scattered across a vast expanse near Varna, Bulgaria’s only desert landscape feels almost extraterrestrial. Pobiti Kamani, known as the “Stone Forest,” consists of naturally occurring limestone pillars, some reaching heights of seven meters. Scientists speculate that these hollow, cylindrical stones formed millions of years ago due to fossilized coral activity, though folklore suggests divine intervention. The site exudes an eerie silence, especially during sunrise or sunset when elongated shadows stretch across the sandy terrain. Some formations resemble human figures, while others take on odd, unexplainable shapes, fueling theories of ancient civilizations or energy vortexes. Unlike typical deserts, Pobiti Kamani has sparse vegetation, with small shrubs growing between the stones. Visitors can walk freely among the formations, making it a fascinating stop for geologists, photographers, and curious travelers. Conveniently located near the Black Sea coast, this enigmatic site offers an easy day trip from Varna.
Take the Scenic Narrow-Gauge Train Through the Rhodope Mountains
Winding through deep gorges, dense forests, and alpine meadows, Bulgaria’s narrow-gauge railway offers a nostalgic journey into the heart of the Rhodope Mountains. The train departs from Septemvri and travels 125 kilometers to Dobrinishte, making it the highest-altitude railway in the Balkans. With an unhurried pace and openable windows, the ride invites passengers to take in the breathtaking scenery, passing through charming villages, rivers, and viaducts. Stops like Velingrad, known for its mineral springs, and Avramovo, the highest train station in the Balkans at 1,267 meters, add to the experience. Built in the early 20th century, this railway remains a symbol of Bulgaria’s rich engineering heritage. Train enthusiasts, nature lovers, and those seeking an off-the-beaten-path adventure will find this journey unforgettable. Tickets are affordable, and seats fill quickly in peak season, making early reservations a wise choice for travelers.
Wander Through the Colorful Revival-Era Town of Plovdiv’s Old Town
Cobblestone streets weave through Bulgaria’s most vibrant historic district, where 19th-century Revival-era mansions showcase intricate woodwork, pastel facades, and ornate bay windows. Plovdiv’s Old Town, perched on three hills, offers a mix of art, history, and culture, with every turn revealing centuries-old architecture and hidden courtyards. Ancient ruins, including a remarkably well-preserved Roman theater, add layers of history to the district. Galleries, museums, and craft shops bring a modern artistic flair, while small cafés spill onto narrow alleys, inviting visitors to linger. The Kapana district, just below Old Town, has become a creative hub, packed with indie boutiques, lively bars, and street art. Exploring this area on foot is the best way to appreciate its charm, as cars are limited in the historic core. Whether admiring panoramic city views or browsing local artisan goods, this timeless neighborhood offers an authentic Bulgarian experience.
Hike to the Hidden Krushuna Waterfalls and Emerald Pools
Lush forests and limestone cliffs conceal one of Bulgaria’s most magical natural wonders. The Krushuna Waterfalls, cascading in terraces, create a series of emerald pools surrounded by moss-covered rocks and overhanging trees. Tucked away in the Devetashko Plateau, this hidden oasis feels like a scene from a fantasy novel. A well-maintained eco-trail winds through the area, leading visitors past wooden bridges, cave entrances, and secluded swimming spots. The mineral-rich waters glow in striking shades of turquoise, especially under the midday sun. Nearby, the remains of a medieval monastery add a historical layer to the scenery. Spring and early summer provide the best water flow, while autumn offers fewer crowds and golden foliage. Located near Lovech, this tranquil retreat makes for a perfect day trip. Packing comfortable shoes and a camera is essential, as every step of this hike reveals an enchanting new perspective.
Explore the Underground Marvel of Prohodna Cave, “The Eyes of God”
Towering limestone walls frame one of Bulgaria’s most striking natural formations. Prohodna Cave, located in the Iskar Gorge, features two symmetrical openings in its ceiling that eerily resemble human eyes. This geological phenomenon, known as “The Eyes of God,” allows natural light to flood the cavern, creating a surreal atmosphere, especially at sunrise and sunset. The 262-meter-long passage is the largest of its kind in Bulgaria, attracting hikers, photographers, and even bungee jumpers who leap from the upper entrance. Evidence suggests that the cave was once used for rituals, adding an air of mystery. Rain or shine, the site offers an otherworldly experience, with echoes enhancing the natural acoustics. Easily accessible from Sofia, Prohodna is a must-visit for those intrigued by Bulgaria’s diverse landscapes. Sturdy footwear is recommended, as the ground can be uneven, especially after rain.
Visit the Ancient Thracian Tomb of Kazanlak
Hidden beneath an unassuming mound, this UNESCO-listed site preserves the artistry and burial traditions of the Thracian civilization. The Kazanlak Tomb, dating back to the 4th century BCE, is famous for its exceptionally well-preserved frescoes, depicting a Thracian couple in a vibrant funeral feast. These intricate paintings, still vivid after centuries, provide rare insights into the beliefs and lifestyle of this enigmatic culture. Due to its fragility, the original tomb remains closed to visitors, but an exact replica nearby offers an immersive experience. Situated in Bulgaria’s Valley of the Roses, the site pairs well with a visit to local rose distilleries or the nearby Thracian tombs of Shipka. Exploring this site reveals Bulgaria’s deep-rooted history beyond its more widely known medieval heritage. Visiting in spring offers the added bonus of witnessing the valley’s famous rose bloom, a spectacle unique to this region.
Walk Along the Serene Cape Kaliakra Cliffs Overlooking the Black Sea
Sheer cliffs plunge into the endless expanse of the Black Sea, creating one of Bulgaria’s most dramatic coastal landscapes. Cape Kaliakra, a windswept headland north of Varna, offers stunning panoramic views and a rich historical legacy. Once a strategic Thracian, Greek, and later Ottoman fortress, the area still holds remnants of its past, including medieval walls and archaeological sites. Legends speak of 40 Bulgarian maidens who leapt from these cliffs rather than surrender to Ottoman invaders, a story that adds to the site’s mystique. Dolphins are frequently spotted offshore, making the viewpoint ideal for nature enthusiasts. A small chapel and a centuries-old lighthouse stand as quiet sentinels overlooking the sea. Sunset casts an ethereal glow over the rugged cliffs, making it the perfect time for a visit. The drive along Bulgaria’s northern coastline to reach this site is just as breathtaking as the destination itself.
Watch the Nestinari Fire Dancers Perform an Ancient Ritual
Centuries-old traditions come to life as barefoot dancers step onto glowing embers in one of Bulgaria’s most sacred rituals. Nestinari fire dancing, originating in the Strandzha region, blends Orthodox Christian and pagan elements in a mesmerizing performance. The ritual, traditionally held on June 3rd for St. Constantine and St. Helen’s Day, is believed to bring healing and divine protection. Drumming and chanting accompany the dancers as they enter a trance-like state before gracefully walking across the burning coals. The most authentic performances take place in the villages of Balgari and Kosti, where the practice has been preserved for generations. Witnessing this ritual firsthand offers a rare glimpse into Bulgaria’s spiritual traditions, distinct from the country’s mainstream folklore. Arriving early allows for a closer look at the ceremonial preparations, deepening the appreciation of this mystical and deeply symbolic practice.
Stay in an Authentic Rhodope Stone House in Kovachevitsa
Tucked away in the forested hills of the Western Rhodope Mountains, Kovachevitsa feels like a step back in time. This village, with its 18th-century stone houses and cobbled alleys, remains one of Bulgaria’s best-preserved architectural gems. Unlike commercialized tourist spots, Kovachevitsa retains its authenticity, offering visitors a peaceful retreat surrounded by nature. Staying in a traditional Rhodope house means experiencing thick stone walls, wooden-beamed ceilings, and fireplaces that have warmed generations. Many guesthouses are family-run, providing homemade Rhodope cuisine featuring local dairy, honey, and herbs. The village serves as a gateway to scenic hiking trails leading to hidden waterfalls and panoramic viewpoints. Nearby, the Leshten and Dolen villages offer similarly preserved architecture and stunning vistas. Every season brings its own charm, from spring wildflowers to the golden hues of autumn. Spending a night here promises a rare blend of history, comfort, and natural beauty.